地震史料集テキストデータベース

[未校訂]○江戸H4　日蘭学会発行
（1704.1.15）News has arrived from Edo about a verysevere
earthquake which caused an enormous fire. It issaid
to have been the mostsevere earthquake in one hun-
dred years.
How many people have been killed because of itstill
remains unknown. The residences ofseveral lords
have collapsed, amongthem the beautiful residence of
Kōfu sama. The newgovernor of Nagasaki, Awa,
who had left for Nagasaki for thesecond time, has
returned to Edo because all hisluggage had been lost
due to the earthquake and the ensuing fire.
Itseemsthat all inns between Edo and here have
collapsed. The earthquake hasalso caused massive
landslidesin the Hakone Mountains. Besides a lot of
discomfort, our impendingcourt journey will also turn
out to be more expensive than the previousones.
HoweverIhopeIcan prevent it from becomingmore
expensive. I thanked the interpreter for his message
and asked him whether, if travel overland turned out
to be impossible, he waswilling to sail there. He
replied that（ママ） that wasimpossible. He promised me
that the travel expenseswould not be increased. He
told me that not one of thegovernorswould dare to
give me permission to sail there. He confirmed that
the earthquake would causea lot of discomfort during
our court journey. He also told me that the travel
expenseswouldslightly exceed those of other years.
Time will tell whether an increase of the expenses will
be necessary.16 The disaster hasbeen confirmed.
The road acrossthe Hakone Mountainsisblocked.
Odawarahasbeen completely destroyed. I fear the
journey will cost usa lot of money. However I will try
to avoid all extra costs. The latest report from Edo
contained the newsthat the walls of theshogunal
castle had cracked and that a lot of accidents had
taken place within the perimeter of the shogunal
castle, the extent of which iskeptsecret because itis
forbidden to report on the mishapsof theshogun.
Common pagan feelingsandsuperstitions. The
Japanese consider it to be a heavenly punishment on
theshogun. We consider it to be a visitation.
17 My notesabout the earthquake in and around Edo
have been confirmed. Two-thirdsof the city have
been obliterated. Governorsanuki has heard that his
residence in Edo collapsedandseveral family mem-
bershave perished. He doesnot yet know whether his
wife has perished too. The rapporteur interpreter told
me that the linen hasto be cut today. Thegiftgoods
will also be packed. I orderedBoonen andsome
delegatesto bringthe linen to my office. （中略）
In Miyako trade hascome to astandstill because the
prices have fallen tremendously. Because of this, the
merchantsdo notsell because they cannot reap any
profit. I will find out more about thisduringour court
journey. The rapporteur interpreterstold me that the
permission for our court journey hasarrived from
Edo. We willstart out on the 19th of February. I
thanked thegovernorsfor their communication.
Iasked the interpreters about the earthquake in Edo.
They told me that it wasnot over asyet and that fires
kept on flaringup. Many people are perishing.
19 Due to bad weather the three Chinesejunks, which
have recentlysailed, have returned to the bay. All
streets have been closed in order to preventsmug-
gling. The rapporteur interpreter has thanked the
governorson my behalf for their communication of
yesterday. They were pleased and inquired after my
health. Tokubei told me that thestreetshad been
closed, and that earthquakes continue in Edo and that
it hasbeen estimated that 380.000 people have peri-
shed, among them many high officials.
The lord of Gotō is missing. Edoseems to have been
completely destroyed. Within the perimeter of the
shogunal castle many peoplehave perished too.
Tokubei told me that I will have an uncomfortable
court journey. He contends that we will not be able to
stay at the inns we used to frequent. However he does
not doubt the fact that thegovernors will take appro-
priate measures. I fear that these messagesare a
prelude to an increase of our travel expenses.such an
increase concernsthe interpreters. Tokubei told me
that, when thegiftgoods are packed, which will
happen tomorrow, he will start functioning asa
rapporteur.
He promised me to do hisutmost to further the inter-
ests of the Company. I thanked him for his promise.
During the court journey I cansee for myself whether
the news about the earthquake wasexaggerated or
true.
（1704.2.16）
16 The earthquakesseem to have died down in Edo.
One ganting of rice costsone tael and one ganting of
water eight mazen. It costs eight mazen because all
the canals, through which Edo issupplied with water,
have been blocked. However, now one picul of water
wasto be had for one ichibu. These kind of messages
foreshadow an expensive court journey.
These messageswere further confirmed. I am told
that the court journey will be uncomfortable. How-
ever I hope to avoid extra costs. The papersof our
factory have been packed andstored in the Lelie.
（1704.2.18）
Newshas arrived from Edo thatsix toseven earth
tremorsare felt each day. Due to the tremors many
people did not dare tosleep in their houses. Mata-
jieimon told me that we had to takeseveralgoods
from thegovernorswith usto Edo, which will be
presented to the councilorsand othergentlemen.
Therefore we will need more coolies and horses. I
protested because I suspect that the interpreterswant
to transport their owngoodson our account, usingthe
governorsasan excuse. The moreso because the
governorscan sendgoods whenever they like without
burdeninguswith it. Thereupon he produced a
Japanese statement which had beengiven to him this
morningby thesecretary of Governor Harima, in
which the aforementioned wasordered.
After reading thestatement the other interpreters
confirmed Matajieimon’s statement. I protested in a
civil manner,sayingthat they were well aware of the
fact that the other travel expenses were burdensome
enough. They should rather think of a meansto
lighten our burden, because if the Company would
collapse it would be too late toshow remorse for not
havingserved it properly. However what Isaid had
no effect because they replied that the ordersof the
governorshad to be obeyed. I amsure that the inter-
pretersand others profit from it too.
（1704.2.23）
23severe earthquakeswere reported in Edo.24 More earthquakes have been reported from Edo. It
was uncertain whether theshogun had received peo-
ple in audience on Japanese New Year’sDay.
（3.6）
They, and the other people in our retinue, could eat
the remaining food. Igave permission to buysome
food.some clerks went ashore to do so. The clerks
have returned with the food. It hasbeen reported that
the earthquake activity in Edo hasnot abated. The
lords in Edo had tents of oiled paper erected in which
they lodge their families,since they are of the opinion
that it isno longersafe tosleep in their houses. The
senior interpreter wished that we could have already
completed the court journey because of the dangers
attached to it.
I told him not to besogloomy. Maybe the reports
about the wholesituation are exaggerated.8Asa result of the contrary winds I fear we will not
arrive in Edo in due time for the audience. Thiswould
imply that we will have to stay in Edo for either thirty
-one or forty-four days. Thisin turn would increase
our travel expenses.
If the wind doesnot abate I willsuggest travelling
overland to Edo. After the interpreter had returned on
board the barge, he told me that a verysevere earth-
quake and an enormous fire had been reported in
Hyōgo. Many people and horseshad perished because
of it. Furthermore he told me that we would be unable
to depart for Osaka if the wind did not abate. I
proposed travellingoverland.
（3.11 在大阪）
Upon our return in the inn we were told that the
earthquake activity in Edo had stopped.
（3.28）
28We have crossed the Hakone mountain range. In
Hakone-tōge we started noting the damage wrought
by the earthquakes. Everything is turned upside down
and most houses are burnt. We were told that in this
small village, four hundred people: men, women and
children had been killed. While continuingour jour-
ney, we perceived bushes and big stones which had slid
off the mountains, impassable roads and uprooted
trees. Thus our journey was not devoid of danger. We
passed roads which had been provisionally recon-
structed. These were barely passable. Most of the
villages have been destroyed and have been burnt.
Lots of people are removing the stones which have slid
down the mountains. One cannot watch these poor
creatures without being moved. However, when the
Japanese are talkingabout it, they point out thingsto
each other and start laughing. Arrival in Odawara.
All buildings collapsed and were burnt afterwards.
The people who arestill alive are erectingtentsand
lightly constructed houses. The castle hascollapsed
and hasburnt too. I wastold that in thisplace,
including the people who perished in the castle of
whom one is not allowed to speak, 40.000 people, men,
women and children hove perished. We continued our
journey and everywhere wesaw housescaved in,
collapsed bridges, uprooted trees and massive land-
slides.
After we had arrived in Ōiso I found that the inn had
beenseverely damaged too. The landlord told us that
the last earthquake had occurred eight days ago. We
could not find out how many people had died here. We
have passed the governor of Osaka, Yamma Tota
Totonomono. He was travelling to Osaka relieving
the othergovernor of Osaka Ōtasindayū.
29 Departure from Ōiso. After we had crossed the
Bairi River we were warned by an earth tremor but,
because of the movement of the palanquin, I did not
notice it. Hiratsuka and Fujisawa have been des-
troyed too. Upon our arrival in Totsuka wesaw half
of the houses collapsed and the others being shored up.
Hodogaya hasbeen destroyed too. Arrival in Kana-
gawa where wespent the night. An express letter was
sent to Edo to announce our arrival. In comparison
with the other places we have passed through there is
not much damage here.
30 During the night we felt earth tremors. We enter
Edo. The city is a sorrysight. Its condition. We
arrived in our inn, which was damaged too, around
noon.
（3.30）
He asked me to consentshould he aska higher price.
I flatly rejected his proposal. I told him that the
landlord should take care of it. It is being said that the
number of people who have perished because of the
earthquakesand fireshere and in the surrounding
areasamountsto 270.000, not counting those who had
died within the perimeters of the castle here and in
Odawara. The wife of ourlandlord, who was preg-
nant, hadSuddenly, during the first earthquake,given
birth to a child. Both have died.
（4.1）
1 We have experienced a verysevere earthquake. It
wasas if everythingseemed to collapse. However it
did not last long.since we are virtually locked up on
the first floorsof the innsit would be very difficult to
escape in case of the collapse of the building. Visiting
me Matajieimon asked whether I thought the earth-
quake to be asevere one. My reply. Furthermore he
told me he had complimented thegentlemen on my
behalf, for which thesegentlemen thanked me.
He also told me that theshogun had been unwilling to
receive people in audience because he thought it would
be embarrassing should foreigners see the devastation
in the castle. Therefore he wanted the Kyoto deputy
in Miyako to receive all the presents. However the
commissioners of foreigners and the governors of
Nagasaki did notshare his opinion. They had expres-
sed their point of view to the first minionand the privy
council. The first minion and the privy council had
agreed with their point of view aswell. Thereupon
the Shogun had changed his mind on this subject.
I felt an earth tremor which wasnot asmarked as the
one we felt thismorning. I did not feel like eating nor
did I particularly like the idea ofsleeping.
2 Thepresentsweresent to the castle and we made
preparationstoset out. An opperbongiois ofsanuki
conducted us. We did not crossthe bridges of the
castle because these had collapsed. The wallsof the
castle, although very thick andsturdy, have all collap-
sed. Inshort the castleisa ruin. We entered the castle
over a temporary bridge throughagate which had
partly collapsed. On the inside of the first wall and
first moat all the houses and the walls of the castle
had collapsed. Thousandsof people were workingto
repair these. The earthquakes must have been very
severe because, otherwise. this structure would not
,have collapsed. We were very politely welcomed in
theguardhouse of the lord ofshimabara.
Upon enteringwe were welcomed by the lord of
shimabara who congratulated us upon the impending
audience. We thanked him for this. Commissioners
Obata Kazusa and Matsumae Izu andgovernorssanu-
ki and Aki likewise welcomed and congratulated us.
We thanked them for this. Sanuki told us that we
would only be received around noon and that he would
warn us when we were expected. Several curious
gentlemen took a look at us. At noon we were told to
come. We passed over the second moat by a tempo-
rary bridge, which rested on pillars. Here the walls
had collapsed too.
Instead of passing through the big gate, we now enter-
ed through a little fence which acted asa provisional
enclosure. I saw the place where formerly the main
guard house had been. Many laborers were busy
piling up the stonesof the former mainguard house.
Structures which had not collapsed had big cracks in
their walls. They were all shored up. We entered
through anothergate where, formerly, there had been
a biggate too. Then we found ourselves in front of the
shogunal residence. Upon entering we were welcomed
bysanuki who ushered us into the reception room.（4.3在江戸）
3I felt earth tremors.
4 Minor earth tremors.
8 We felt minor earth tremors. The wind grew
stronger and around midnight there was a series of
severe earthquakes.Asa consequence many fires
broke out. We hardlyslept.
9 At dawn the intensity of the earthquakesgrew
stronger.
We receivedsomegownsasa present. I thanked them
for the presents. At noonsevere earthquakes. In the
afternoon earth tremors.
（4.11）
11severe earthquakes and resultant fires. I felt
another earthquake.
（6.19 在出島）
19 It is rumored in the city that an earthquake which
wasmoresevere than all the precedingearthquakes
hashit Edo.
（6.24）
24 The lord of Gotō has sailed. The warehouses are
beingthoroughly repaired. Edo hasbeen hit by
another severe earthquake. All the walls of the castle
have collapsed. The news has been confirmed. Many
people and horses have perished. I fear Edo will not
survive these blows.
This would be disadvantageous for our trade.
（7.20）
20 Accordingto the report the earth isstill trembling
in Edo.